IsiKhululo soNxibelelwano lweBhokisi
Ibhokisi yohlobo lwe-substation idibanisa izixhobo eziphambili kunye ne-low voltage primary, i-transformer kunye nezixhobo zesibini kwi-double-layer, etywiniweyo, i-corrosion-resistant kunye nebhokisi yangaphandle eshukumayo kumzi-mveliso.
Isikhululo sohlobo lwebhokisi, ekwaziwa ngokuba sisitishi esincinci esenziwe ngaphambili okanye esenziwe salungiswayo.Ingumzi-mveliso owenziwe ngaphambili ngaphakathi nangaphandle izixhobo zokuhambisa amandla ombane owenziwe nge-high-voltage switchgear, i-transformer yokusabalalisa kunye nezixhobo zokuhambisa amandla ombane ophantsi, ezicwangciswe ngokweskimu socingo oluthile.Oko kukuthi, imisebenzi yokunciphisa i-voltage ye-transformer kunye nokuhanjiswa kwamandla aphantsi-voltage idityanisiwe kwaye ifakwe kwindawo yobungqina bokufuma, ubungqina bomhlwa, ubungqina bothuli, ubungqina bebuzi, ubungqina bomlilo, ukuchasana nobusela, ukufudumala ukushisa, kufakwe ngokupheleleyo. kunye nebhokisi yesakhiwo sentsimbi eshukumayo, ilungele ngokukodwa ukwakhiwa kwegridi yasezidolophini kunye nokuguqulwa.Sisikhululo esitsha kraca emva kwesikhululo sasekuhlaleni.Isitishi sohlobo lwebhokisi sisebenza kwimigodi, iifektri, amabala e-oyile nerhasi kunye nezikhululo zamandla omoya.Ithatha indawo yegumbi lokuqala lokuhambisa umbane kunye nesikhululo sokuhambisa umbane kwaye ibe yiseti entsha epheleleyo yezixhobo zokuguqula nokuhambisa umbane.
Ulwakhiwo lwesitishi sohlobo lwebhokisi
Isakhiwo esipheleleyo sebhokisi yebhokisi ihlulwe ngokukodwa ibe ngamacandelo amathathu: i-high-voltage switchgear, i-transformer kunye ne-low-voltage power distribution device.
Ngokweemfuno zenkqubo, i-sulfure hexafluoride okanye i-vacuum circuit breaker, i-ring network switch, i-load switch kunye ne-fuse inokukhethwa kwi-high-voltage switch.
Isixhobo sokulinganisa imitha sinokufakwa kwicala loxinzelelo oluphezulu.Iswitshi ephambili kunye ne-shunt feeder switch zifakwe ngokubanzi kwicala le-voltage ephantsi, kwaye ezinye zifakela kuphela iiswitshi zesondlo ukondla ngokuthe ngqo abasebenzisi be-terminal abasebenzisi.I-transformer yokusabalalisa ngokubanzi i-oyile intywiliselwe okanye uhlobo olomileyo.
Igumbi eliphezulu le-high-voltage ye-European box type substation liqulunqwe ngokubanzi kwi-high-voltage load switch, i-high-voltage fuse kunye nesibambisi sombane, esinokumisa kunye nokuhambisa amandla kunye nokukhusela okugqithisiweyo kunye ne-short-circuit.Igumbi eliphantsi-voltage liqulunqwe. Isixhobo sokutshintsha umoya esine-voltage ephantsi, i-transformer yangoku, i-ammeter, i-voltmeter, njalo njalo.
Kukho iindlela ezimbini zebhokisi, ezizezi "mu" kunye "nephini".Amagumbi ombane aphezulu naphantsi acwangciswe ngokwemilo ye "mu" abanzi, alungele ukuqaphela iskimu sobonelelo lwamandla womnatha weringi womnatha womnatha okanye uqhagamshelo lombane oluphindwe kabini.
Ubume bebhokisi yebhokisi yaseMelika yohlobo lokudibanisa i-transformer ihlukaniswe kwiindawo zangaphambili nangemuva.Inxalenye engaphambili yikhabhathi edibanayo.Ikhabhinethi ye-junction ibandakanya i-terminals ephezulu kunye ne-low-voltage terminals, i-high-voltage load switches, i-plug-in fuses, izibambo zokusebenza ze-high-voltage tap converters, iimitha zezinga leoli, iimitha zokushisa kweoli, njl.Indawo engasemva ngumzimba wetanki yeoli kunye ne-heat sink.I-transformer winding, i-iron core, i-high-voltage load switch kunye ne-plug-in fuse zonke zikwitanki yeoli.Ibhokisi ithatha isakhiwo esivalwe ngokupheleleyo.I-substation yohlobo lwebhokisi edibeneyo isanda kuphuhliswa ngabavelisi basekhaya kwaye ayisetyenziswanga ngokubanzi.Yisakhiwo esine-double-layer enamagumbi aphezulu kunye nasezantsi ombane abekwe kwigumbi le-transformer.
Uhlobo lwaseYurophu, uhlobo lwaseMelika kunye ne-transformer yebhokisi edibeneyo ineenzuzo zabo kunye nokungonakali.Uhlobo lwaseYurophu i-transformer yebhokisi inomthamo omkhulu.I-high-voltage kunye ne-low-voltage switches kunye ne-transformers zonke zifumaneka kwigobolondo enkulu.Iimeko zokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu zimbi, kwaye izixhobo zokukhupha ngoomatshini kufuneka zifakwe.Ngenxa yokuba amaphiko okupholisa e-transformer akhupha ngokuthe ngqo ubushushu ngaphandle, iimeko zokupholisa ze-American type box transformer zilungile, kodwa imilo yayo imbi kakhulu kunohlobo lwaseYurophu, kwaye ukubonakala kwayo kunzima ukuhambelana nokusingqongileyo. yeendawo zokuhlala.I-transformer yebhokisi edibeneyo ithatha umhlaba omncinci, kwaye izibonelelo zayo kunye nokungonakali zifana nezo ze-American box transformer.Ukongezelela, i-American kunye ne-integrated box type transformers inokuveliswa kuphela e-China kunye nomthamo ongaphantsi kwe-630kVA, ngelixa i-European box type transformers ingafikelela kwi-1250kva.
Iimodeli zesitishi esiqhelekileyo sohlobo lwebhokisi zohlulwe zibe ziindidi ezintathu:
(1)Imodeli yesixhobo sombane esiphezulu;
(2)Imodeli yekhabhathi yesiguquli esomileyo;
(3)Imodeli yesixhobo sokutshintsha amandla ombane asezantsi.
Intsingiselo yeesimboli ezintathu zokuqala zezi:
Uhlobo oludityanisiweyo luka-Z;Isikhululo esincinci se-B;N (W) - ngaphakathi (ngaphandle, ngokuzikhethela);uhlobo lwebhokisi ye-X;Y-mobile.
Ukusebenza kunye nokugcinwa kohlobo lwesitishi esincinci
（一）Iimfuno ezisisiseko zokusebenza kwesitishi sohlobo lwebhokisi
1, Umgangatho apho isixhobo sohlobo lwebhokisi sibekwe khona siya kuba kwindawo ephezulu kunokuba ibe kwindawo esezantsi, ukuze kuthintelwe amanzi emvula ukuba angagaleli kwibhokisi kwaye achaphazele umsebenzi.Xa uphosa iqonga lekhonkrithi, isithuba siya kugcinwa ukuze kube lula ukubeka iintambo.
2, Kufuneka kubekho unxibelelwano oluthembekileyo phakathi kwebhokisi kunye negridi yokumisa.Ukudibanisa kunye nokungathathi hlangothi kwebhokisi ye-transformer kunokwabelana ngegridi efanayo.Igridi yokumisa idibaniswa ngokubanzi ngeemfumba zokumisa kwiikona ezine zesiseko.
3, Izinto eziphathekayo aziyi kupakishwa ngeenxa zonke izixhobo zohlobo lwebhokisi ngokwaphulwa kwemimiselo yokuqinisekisa umoya wezixhobo zombane kunye neemfuno zokuhlolwa komsebenzi.Ibhokisi yohlobo lwe-transformer iya kupholiswa ngokujikeleza komoya wendalo, kwaye umnyango wegumbi lokuguqula awuyi kuvalelwa.
4, Ikhonkco lomnatha wokutshintsha, i-transformer, isibambisi sombane kunye nezinye izixhobo kwisixhobo sokuhambisa amandla ombane aphezulu ziya kuhlolwa rhoqo kwaye zigcinwe.Iziphene ezifunyenweyo ziya kulungiswa ngexesha.Uvavanyo lokuthintela ukugquma luya kwenziwa rhoqo.Ngethuba lokusebenza, i-interlock yomatshini iya kususwa ngokufanelekileyo kwaye intonga yokukhusela iya kusetyenziselwa ukusebenza.
(二) UkuPatrola kunye nokugcinwa kwebhokisi ye-transformer ibhokisi ye-transformer iya kuqhuba ukujikeleza rhoqo (kungekho ngaphantsi kanye ngenyanga) ngokomjikelo wokujikeleza kunye nokugcinwa, ukuvavanya ubushushu ekudibaneni kweetheminali zentambo, ukujonga ukusebenza kwesixhobo, kunye nokuqhuba. iimvavanyo ukuba kuyimfuneko.
Izinto zokugada jikelele zezi zilandelayo:
1, Ukuba isiseko sivaleleke ngokuqinileyo, nokuba imingxunya ivaliwe, nokuba ikhabhinethi inokufuma.
2, Ingaba isixhobo sokumisa sigqityiwe kwaye siqhagamshelwe kakuhle, kwaye nokuba ukuchasana komhlaba kuyahlangabezana neemfuno.
3, Ukuba imeko yangaphandle itshintshile, kwaye ingaba ichaphazele ukhuseleko lwezithuthi kunye nabahambi ngeenyawo.
4, Khangela umthwalo feeder nganye, nokuba umthwalo isigaba-ezithathu elungeleleneyo okanye umthwalo, nokuba ukuvulwa iswitshi kunye nokuvala isikhundla, isixhobo isalathiso ichanekile, nokuba isixhobo ulawulo isebenza ngokwesiqhelo.
I-5, Ukususwa kothuli lwebhokisi ye-transformer: ngaphakathi kwebhokisi yesiguquli iya kucocwa yonke iminyaka.Umphezulu wekhabhinethi kunye nomphezulu webhokisi yegesi yamagumbi e-HV kunye ne-LV anokosulwa ngelaphu elimanzi.I-transformer kwigumbi lokuguqula iya kucocwa ngokuvuthela umoya okanye umqokeleli wothuli.
6, Ukugcinwa kwemihla ngemihla kunye nokulungiswa kwakhona kwefeni jonga ukusebenza kwefeni.Ukuba ayisebenzi, sebenzisa isilawuli sobushushu kunye nokufuma ukuyilungisa ngaphantsi kobushushu obukhoyo kwaye uqalise ifeni ukuze ihlolwe.
7, Ukugcinwa kunye nokulungiswa kwendlela yokusebenza yombane yokutshintsha kwe-voltage ephezulu kunye ne-low-voltage switch
(1) Jonga ukuba isalathisi se-barometer sikwindawo eluhlaza.Ukuba isendaweni ebomvu, vula kwaye uvale i-barometer.Ngoko nangoko yazisa umenzi ukuba ajongane nayo.
(2) Ukuthanjiswa kwamalungu oomatshini, igrisi ye-lithium jikelele (igrisi) ingasetyenziselwa ukuvula nokuvala uvavanyo lokusebenza emva kokuthambisa.
(3) Uvavanyo oluqhelekileyo lwekhebula kunye nesibambisi sombane ngokweemfuno zovavanyo lwesiqhelo, uvavanyo lwe-insulation kunye novavanyo lwangoku lokuvuza luya kuqhutywa kwintambo kunye nokubamba umbane.
8, Uvavanyo oluncedisayo lwesiqhelo: uvavanyo lwesiqhelo lobushushu kunye nesilawuli sokufuma;Uvavanyo lwesiqhelo lwesixhobo se-alamu yomsi;Ukukhawuleza kunye nokuhlolwa kwe-terminal strip: ukukhawuleza kunye nokuhlolwa kweendawo eziqhelekileyo.
9, Ukugcinwa komgca wetheminali: umcu wetheminali unokukhululeka ngenxa yokwandiswa kwe-thermal kunye nokucutheka okubandayo.Zonke iitheminali ezikwigumbi letheminali ziya kumiswa kwakhona ngexesha lohlolo lwarhoqo ngonyaka.Qaphela: ngaphambi kokuqinisa kwakhona, nceda uqinisekise ukuba i-ac circuit circuit kunye ne-secondary control circuit inikwe amandla ukuphepha ukutshatyalaliswa kombane!
10, Imiqathango yolondolozo lwesikhululo sohlobo lwebhokisi
(1) Ucango lwesikhululo sohlobo lwebhokisi luxhotyiswe ngesixhobo sokuqinisekisa umoya, oluyindlela yokuqinisekisa ukuba sigcinwa sikwimo evuleke ngokupheleleyo.Xa uvala ucango lwebhokisi yohlobo lwesubstation, ingcambu yendlela yobungqina bomoya kufuneka iphakanyiselwe phezulu, kwaye ke umnyango awunakutsalwa ngoomatshini ukuthintela ukuguqulwa komatshini okanye umnyango, okuya kuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo kohlobo lwebhokisi. isitishi esingaphantsi!
(2) Emva kokuba umsebenzi wezandla wendawo yokutshintshwa komthwalo ophezulu we-voltage ugqityiwe, faka isibambo sokusebenza sokutshintsha komthwalo emva kwi-bracket yokubamba ngaphakathi komnyango wangaphandle ukuze ugweme ilahleko.
(3) Xa i-backup circuit ye-high-voltage ring main cabinet ingadityaniswanga neentambo okwangoku, i-backup circuit iya kutshixwa phambi kokuba ikhabhinethi engundoqo ivulwe, okanye umbambi wentambo uya kuvalelwa ngokuhambelana. insulating cap ukuphepha iingozi!
(4).
(5) Akuvumelekanga ukufaka nayiphi na iplagi ye-short-circuit kumngxuma wokuvavanya ngexesha lokusebenza.Ngaphandle koko, inzwa yombane iya konakaliswa.
(6) Isixhumi se-low-voltage sinokusebenza kuphela xa sikwindawo engavulwanga.Musa ukuyitsala nzima
Ukusebenza ngokuchanekileyo kwesitishi sohlobo lwebhokisi
1, Ukuvala umsebenzi
Vala ucango lwegumbi lentambo --- yahlula isitshixo sokumisa --- vala isitshixo somthwalo.
2. Umsebenzi wokuvula
Yahlula isitshixo somthwalo --- vala isitshixo sokumisa --- vula umnyango wegumbi lentambo.
Amanqaku ngexesha lokusebenza
(1) Xa uqhuba umsebenzi wokuvula kunye nokuvala ukutshintshwa komthwalo, ukutshintshwa kufuneka kuqhutywe kwindawo yokugqibela yokuvula okanye yokuvala.Musa ukukhulula okanye ukukhupha isibambo sokusebenza ngaphambi kokuba utshintsho lugqibe isenzo salo, ngaphandle koko i-spring rebound iya kulimaza umqhubi.
(2) Ngexesha lokuvula kunye nokuvala ukusebenza kokutshintshwa komthwalo, isibambo sokusebenza siya kuguqulwa ngaphandle ukukhusela ukulimala kubaqhubi.
(3) Phambi kokwenza umsebenzi wokuvula nokuvalwa kokutshintsha komthwalo, iqhosha lokutshintshela ngesandla sombane kwicala eliphezulu lasekhohlo lepaneli yeyunithi ehambelanayo kufuneka itsalwe kwaye ijikelezwe ngama-90 ° kwindawo yesandla phambi kokusebenza ngesandla kokutshintsha komthwalo. inokwenziwa, ngaphandle koko indlela inokonakala.
Iimbangela kunye nokusombulula ingxaki ye-fault phenomena
(1)I-breaker sekethe yefreyimu ayinakuvalwa
1.Lawula ukungaphumeleli kwesekethe.
2.Emva kwezenzo zokukhululwa ezikrelekrele, iqhosha elibomvu kwiphaneli alicwangciswanga ngokutsha.
3.Indlela yokugcina amandla ayigcini amandla
Indlela yokukhutshwa
1.Khangela indawo evulekileyo nge-multimeter.
2.Fumana unobangela wokukhubeka kwaye ucinezele iqhosha lokuseta kwakhona emva kokusombulula ingxaki.
3.Ukugcinwa kwamandla okwenziwa ngesandla okanye ombane.
(2)I-molded case circuit breaker ayikwazi ukuvalwa
1.Umatshini awusetwa ngokutsha emva kokukhubeka.
2.I-breaker circuit ixhotywe nge-coil e-undervoltage kwaye akukho mbane ekupheleni okungenayo.
Indlela yokukhutshwa
1.Fumana unobangela wokukhubeka kwaye usete ngokutsha emva kokusombulula ingxaki
2.Faka umbane kwisiphelo esingenayo, phinda usete isiphatho, uze uvule.
(3)I-breaker circuit iyahamba xa ivaliwe.
Kukho isekethe emfutshane kwisekethe ephumayo
Indlela yokukhutshwa
Akuvumelekanga ukuba uvule ngokuphindaphindiweyo.Impazamo kufuneka ifunyanwe kwaye ivalwe kwakhona emva kokusombulula ingxaki.
(4)Ikhabhinethi ye-capacitor ayikwazi ukuhlawula ngokuzenzekelayo.
1.Unikezelo lwamandla lwesekethe yolawulo luyanyamalala.
2.Umgca wesignali yangoku awuqhagamshelwanga ngokuchanekileyo.
Indlela yokukhutshwa
Jonga isiphaluka solawulo kwaye ubuyisele unikezelo lwamandla.
Ukwakhiwa kwesikhululo sohlobo lwebhokisi
Ukwakhiwa kwesixhobo sokumisa kwisitishi sohlobo lwebhokisi
I-1, i-substation yohlobo lwebhokisi ijikelezwe yigridi yokumisa, edityaniswe kwigridi yokumisa izakhiwo ezijikelezileyo.
2, Ubunzulu obungcwatywe kunye neemfuno ze-welding zezixhobo zokumisa ziya kuhlangabezana neemfuno zoyilo kunye neenkcukacha ezifanelekileyo.
I-3, Emva kokuba isixhobo sokumisa sifakwe, ukuchasana komhlaba kunokuvavanywa kuphela kwimozulu yelanga kwaye xa umswakama womhlaba ufikelela kwiinkcukacha.Ukuba kukho isixhobo sokumisa umgangatho wexabiso lokumelana nomgangatho awuhambelani neemfuno, i-electrode ehambelanayo kunye nebhasi yokumisa ibhasi iya kudibaniswa njengoko kufunwa de kube ixabiso lokumelana nomhlaba lidibana neemfuno zokuyila.
4, Uqhagamshelo phakathi kwesixhobo sokumisa kunye nezixhobo ziya kuthembeka kwaye zihle.
Ufakelo kunye nokwakhiwa kwebhokisi yangaphandle uhlobo substation
1, Isicelo sokwamkelwa: odola izixhobo ezihambelanayo kunye nezixhobo ngokweemfuno zebhokisi uhlobo imizobo substation uyilo kunye neemfuno zokusetyenziswa ezibonelelweyo uhlobo ibhokisi umenzi substation, kunye nokubonelela imodeli yezixhobo kwisebe lonikezelo lwamandla ukuze kuvunywe phambi kokuyalela abaguquli. kwibhokisi yohlobo lwesitishi.
I-2, i-Wiring: indawo engenayo efanelekileyo yobonelelo lwamandla iya kumiselwa ngophando lwesayithi, kunye neskimu sokwakha esihambelanayo sokufumana amandla siya kulungiswa.
3, Ukufakela: ukwenza ulwakhiwo lwesiseko sohlobo lwebhokisi substation, kwaye uzinzise amacandelo ahambelanayo kunye nemibhobho yentsimbi yokukhusela intambo.
3, Ufakelo: emva kokuba isiseko sifikelela ngaphezu kwe-70% yamandla oyilo, isitishi sohlobo lwebhokisi siya kuhlolwa ngaphambi kokuba sifike kwindawo.Emva kokuba izixhobo zigqityiwe, izixhobo zisemgangathweni, kwaye akukho monakalo okanye umonakalo womatshini, izixhobo zingafakwa.Kule nkqubo, kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo ekugcinweni kwesiseko.
5, Uhlolo: emva kokuba ulwakhiwo uhlobo ibhokisi substation lugqityiwe, iyunithi yokwakha iya kuqala ukwenza uhlengahlengiso self kunye nokuzihlola izixhobo, kwaye ke ingxelo kwisebe lovavanyo kunye nesiqinisekiso sovavanyo esiphathiswe iyunithi yokwakha ukungena kwisiza. ukuvavanya isikhululo sohlobo lwebhokisi.
Ixesha lokuposa: Sep-08-2022